Perompakan dan Illegal Fishing: Solusi AI Untuk Kedaulatan Laut Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsosains.v5i11.32571Keywords:
Perompakan, Illegal Fishing, Kedaulatan Laut, Artificial Intelligence, Keamanan Maritim.Abstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (AI) sebagai solusi strategis dalam mengatasi ancaman perompakan dan illegal fishing (IUU Fishing) di perairan Indonesia. Sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar dengan wilayah perairan seluas 5,8 juta km², Indonesia menghadapi tantangan kompleks dalam menjaga kedaulatan lautnya. Data menunjukkan terdapat 512 kasus IUU fishing dan 87 insiden perompakan sepanjang tahun 2022 yang mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi mencapai USD 351 juta serta penurunan stok ikan lokal hingga 20%. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur, analisis dokumen resmi dari Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, TNI AL, dan Bakamla, serta wawancara mendalam dengan para pemangku kepentingan. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa sistem patroli konvensional memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal jangkauan wilayah dan waktu respons, sementara implementasi AI melalui sistem deteksi berbasis satelit, algoritma prediktif, dan integrasi data multi-sensor mampu meningkatkan akurasi deteksi hingga 92%, mempercepat waktu respons hingga 60%, serta mengurangi potensi kerugian ekonomi hingga USD 150 juta per tahun. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi pentingnya koordinasi antarlembaga dan peningkatan kapasitas SDM sebagai faktor penentu keberhasilan implementasi AI. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi strategis bagi penguatan kebijakan keamanan maritim Indonesia dan mendukung pencapaian visi Indonesia Emas 2045 sebagai poros maritim dunia yang berdaulat dan berkelanjutan.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Yusnaldy Yusnaldy, Asep Iwa Soemantri, Bayu Asih Yulianto, Lukman Yudho Prakoso, Muhamad Risahdi
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